Dictionaries in Python are data structures that store a collection of key-value pairs. Each key-value pair is called an item, where the key is a unique identifier and the value is the associated data.
Here are some methods commonly used with dictionaries in Python:
– `dictionary[key]` – Accesses the value associated with the specified key in the dictionary.
– `dictionary[key] = value` – Adds or updates an item in the dictionary with the specified key and value.
– `del dictionary[key]` – Removes the item with the specified key from the dictionary.
– `key in dictionary` – Checks if a key is present in the dictionary.
– `len(dictionary)` – Returns the number of items in the dictionary.
– `dictionary.keys()` – Returns a view object containing all the keys in the dictionary.
– `dictionary.values()` – Returns a view object containing all the values in the dictionary.
– `dictionary.items()` – Returns a view object containing all the key-value pairs in the dictionary.
Here’s an example of how to create and manipulate a dictionary in Python:
“`python
# Creating a dictionary
student = “name”: “John”, “age”: 20, “grade”: “A”
# Accessing values
print(student[“name”]) # Output: “John”
# Adding a new item
student[“school”] = “XYZ High School”
# Updating a value
student[“age”] = 21
# Deleting an item
del student[“grade”]
# Checking if a key is present
if “grade” in student:
print(“Grade:”, student[“grade”])
else:
print(“Grade not found.”)
# Getting the number of items
print(“Number of items:”, len(student))
# Printing all keys
print(“Keys:”, student.keys())
# Printing all values
print(“Values:”, student.values())
# Printing all key-value pairs
print(“Items:”, student.items())
“`
Output:
“`
John
Grade not found.
Number of items: 3
Keys: dict_keys([‘name’, ‘age’, ‘school’])
Values: dict_values([‘John’, 21, ‘XYZ High School’])
Items: dict_items([(‘name’, ‘John’), (‘age’, 21), (‘school’, ‘XYZ High School’)])
“`
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.
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